The words “Court of Justice” denote a Judge who is empowered by law to act judicially alone, or a body of Judges which is empowered by law to act judicially as a body, when such Judge or body of Judges is acting judicially. Illustration A panchayat acting under Regulation VII, 1816, of the Madras Code, having power to try and determine suits, is a Court of Justice.
IPC Section 20: Simplified Explanation
Section 20 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) defines the term “Court of Justice,” which is crucial for understanding various legal provisions within the IPC. This definition is particularly important for offences related to the administration of justice, such as contempt of court, bribery of or by officials in the judiciary, and fraud upon the court.
According to Section 20, a “Court of Justice” refers to a judge who is authorized by law to act judicially alone or a group of judges who are authorized by law to act judicially as a group when they are acting judicially.
This definition highlights several essential aspects. Firstly, it emphasizes the functional aspect of judicial capacity rather than the physical structure of the courtroom. It acknowledges that a Court of Justice can be constituted by a single judge or a collective body of judges.
Secondly, the definition specifies that the judge or group of judges must be empowered by law to act judicially to constitute a Court of Justice. This means that their authority to make decisions, judgments, or to conduct proceedings is derived from the legal system.
Lastly, the definition hinges on the act of performing judicial duties. It underscores that the term “Court of Justice” applies when the Judge or Judges act in their judicial capacity, make decisions, or conduct proceedings that affect the parties’ rights.
This broad definition is significant for several reasons. It ensures that various forms of judicial entities, including traditional courts, tribunals, or even ad hoc judicial bodies formed by law, are covered under the provisions of the IPC related to the administration of justice.
Additionally, it protects the integrity and authority of the judicial process by providing a legal framework for addressing offenses that may interfere with or obstruct justice.
Lastly, it underscores the importance of judicial actions being conducted in a lawful, fair manner and by the principles of justice.
